Tourette’s Disorder belongs to the spectrum of tic disorders with onset in childhood and is characterized by the presence of multiple motor tics and at least one vocal tic, which persist for a period of more than one year. Tics are sudden, rapid, repetitive and non-rhythmic movements or vocalizations, which change over time in form, frequency and intensity.
Although tics are related to neurobiological mechanisms, their expression and intensity are influenced by psychosocial factors.
Studies show that children with Tourette syndrome and their families face significant psychosocial challenges as a result of social perceptions and prejudices about tics.
Excessive environmental focus on symptoms can contribute to their maintenance or worsening, increasing anxiety, shame, and avoidance of social situations.
Therapeutic intervention
Therapeutic intervention must be personalized for each child, with an emphasis on the needs of each family.
Informing the individual, the family, and the school or work environment is a key pillar of intervention. Understanding the nature of tics reduces stigma and anxiety and improves the individual’s participation in social activities.
The goal of the intervention should not be to manage tics, but to enhance self-confidence, support self-image, acceptance of the disorder, and enhance social participation in order to reduce the emotional and functional burden and improve the quality of life of children with Tourette’s.
In many cases, symptoms are significantly reduced in adulthood. With early diagnosis, proper information, and holistic therapeutic intervention in both the child and their environment, individuals with Tourette’s can have a full and functional daily life.
Finally, it is crucial to inform and raise awareness among the wider population, in order to reduce social stereotypes and enhance acceptance of people with Tourette’s disorder, promoting respect, understanding and equal social participation.
